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Transcript of New Orleans Mayor Landrieu’s address on Confederate monuments. I was able to find more time to reply. Please understand that I am replying to your arguments and not to you. If I slip into anyting that appears to be a personal attack, please do correct me. I agree with most of what you have written here, Stephen, but don’t be baited to move your position too far. If you say that slavery was an integral part of the causes of the Civil War, and that slavery was (is) dehumanizing, and even that to justify slavery, many wealthy white folks resorted to white supremacy/black inferiority positions; I am with you.

If, however, you are saying any of these I disagree: (1) Slavery in and of itself was the primary cause of the Civil War; I disagree. Black chattel slavery was the primary cause of the American Civil War (ACW) in this fact: there would be no southern rebellion without slaver states attempting for decades prior to the ACW to enforce the acceptance of slavery upon all America, and without slaver states beginning their formal secession even prior to Lincoln’s inauguration. The Union returned fire from Fort Sumter by going all- in to re- capture the treasonous states.

There would be no ACW had slavery not been the underlying principle of the Southern economy. Did the North declare that the extirpation of black chattel slavery was the primary reason for the battle, at any time? Not to my knowledge.

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I think that even at the end, it was “Union Forever, Hurrah boys, hurrah! Down with the traitors, up with the stars!” – and note the plural form: it was to re- assert the principle of federalism and unionisms. When the traitorous state governments were overthrown and the new Unionist governments were installed, the rebellious states were rejoined to the Union. White plantation way of life. Not sure what you are arguing here. That the South was uniquely founded on the principle of white supremacy and the eternal bondage of innocent black Africans to work and labor and die for the profit of white slavers and the society that benefited from black chattel slavery? Well, yes, I agree.

I don’t use “plantation,” however. I use “forced labor camp and prison,” because I won’t whitewash what happened.(2) The main reason the Southern states seceded was because they hated people of color and wanted to punish them, and the Northern states would not allow this; If I have ever said this, I was wrong. If I have ever implied this, I was unclear. Biography Movies Watch Knight Of Cups (2016). It is utterly irrelevant whether Southern states (and I think you mean, the white people of the Southern states) “hated” people of color or wanted to punish them. There are plenty of mixed race babies from the 4. Many famous people, including Thomas Jefferson, loved their slaves and had multiple children by them. Children they put right into slavery, of course.

Actions are. I don’t think the Northern states would not “allow” the South to be hateful towards black Africans. The primary focus of the political and economic North was to keep the Union. The moralistic underpinnings of the ACW according to the North only slowly became tied to abolitionism, even though there was a tiny minority declaring the immorality of black chattel slavery. John Brown and Nat Turner didn’t start the war with their moralistic cries about the wickedness of black chattel slavery and a white slaver society. South Carolina did that by trying to break up the Union.(3) The Civil War was simple in its development and the conflicts between the North and South began with, and consisted mainly about, slavery; Your word “simple” is doing a lot of work here. Social structures are complex because people are complex.

Many things tie people together in communities and governments and states and nations. There were conflicts between various factions, North and South, Slaver and Free. Heck, people are complex: Jefferson and Madison and Washington could make various grand statements about human freedom and dignity and own slaves. Occasionally they might write something like “I tremble for my country when I reflect that God is just; that his justice cannot sleep forever,” and be in the position of raping his black property, as did Jefferson.

But absent white supremacy, a white slaver society and economy, and the very real fact of black chattel slavery, there would never be an American Civil War. There would have been no passionate defense of secondary issues. There were many race riots in the North.

In 1. 74. 1 New York City burned alive black Americans and hung others because of the rumors of a black American rebellion against white supremacy in the North. There is no implication that the North was “good” and the South was “bad.”There is the direct statement that a government that attempts to enforce and elevate white slavers and white supremacy, however, is wicked. Always. The North was not then, and is not now, simon- pure in its motivations and actions. The American colonies used black chattel slaves stolen from Africa for their profit and expansion. The North, however, was simply freer to abandon its reliance upon legal slavery. Not free of all evil.(5) The North’s political will was firmly anti- slave, while the South’s political will was uniformly pro- slave; No one I know, and not I, argues that the North was pure in one direction and the South pure in another.

There were many loyalists and Unionists in the South who were not consulted regarding the rebellion, and who were later hounded, attacked, and killed for their support of Unionism and even freedom for black human beings. The argument is that the North was Unionist and gradually incorporated the extirpation of black chattel slavery. The claim is that fighting for the Southern rebellion means fighting to support the Southern rebellion, a rebellion based upon white supremacy, white slavers running the political and economic (and even spiritual) systems), and the eternal enslavement of black Africans here in America since the very beginnings of the American colonies.

There might be people with high- minded principles, but those principles were not the reasons for the rebellion, and those high- minded principles were not embodied in the governments and the Constitution and secession documents of the Southern states. Slavery was the underlying principle.(7) Being a leader in the South means you were an unprincipled man (gender bias intentional); “Unprincipled” implies “not acting according to your principles,” no? They were not doing that. They were, in my opinion, showing their true principles. In my own church (Southern Presbyterian), grown- ass men with degrees in theology and influential pulpits and podiums used my Jesus Christ to defend not just black chattel slavery, but also the extension of black chattel slavery into free states, because they though Jesus and God would be honored by that slavery. Unprincipled? No, not at all. Just hiding their principles behind a thin veneer of smooth words and polite actions.(8) Lincoln’s primary purpose in sending federal troops to fight against the secession was to emancipate slaves, so that if it weren’t for slavery he would have allowed the Southern states to secede, but they would have no motivation to do so; Lincoln never, to my knowledge, stated such a thing, and I do not know of any careful scholar who asserts that as a motive.

Lincoln’s primary purpose was to enforce the federal Constitution against the treasonous state governments.